Science, unit 15, unit 16

 Lesson - 15

Exercise, Rest and Clothing

Main Points to Remember

👉 A healthy person is physically strong and mentally alert.

👉 Hygenic food, physical exercise and enough rest make us healthy. We need to wear clean and seasonal clothes to be healthy.

👉 The exercises make the body parts flexible and stretched which makes our body strong and energetic.

👉 After continuous work, we get tired and need to take rest. Rest refresh our body. We should have a sound sleep to stay healthy.

👉 For a healthy life, we should wear clean and seasonable clothes. Such clothes protect us from hot, cold and various diseases. The clean clothes also makes us appear smart.

Exercise

1. Fill in the blanks with suitable words.

flexible fit rest warm light

a. A healthy person should be .................. in all respects.

b. Physical exercises make our body ..................

c. We need .................. after getting tired.

d. We must wear .................. clothes in summer season.

e. .................. clothes are good in winter season

Answer 👉

a. A healthy person should be fit in all respects.

b. Physical exercises make our body flexible.

c. We need rest after getting tired.

d. We must wear light clothes in summer season.

e. Warm clothes are good in winter season.

2. Write ‘True’ for the correct sentences and ‘False’ for the wrong ones.

a. We need to do regular exercise to keep our body healthy.

b. A healthy person is mentally alert.

c. It is good to sleep for longer time.

d. We get a rest while sleeping.

e. We look smart when we put on clean clothes.

f. Light cotton clothes are good for winter season.

Answer 👉

a. True

b. True

c. False

d. True

e. True

f. False

3. Answer the following questions:

a. Why should we do exercise?

 ..............................................................................................

 ..............................................................................................

 ..............................................................................................

b. Write down any two advantages of exercise on our body.

..............................................................................................

 ..............................................................................................

 ..............................................................................................

c. How do you take rest when you are tired?

 ..............................................................................................

 ..............................................................................................

 ...........................................................................................

d. What types of clothes do your wear in a winter season?

 ..............................................................................................

 ..............................................................................................

 ..............................................................................................

e. What types of clothes do you wear in a summer

season?

 ..............................................................................................

 ..............................................................................................

 ..............................................................................................

f. Make a list of any four clothes that you wear in

summer season.

 ................................... ...................................

 ................................... ...................................

g. Make a list of any four clothes that you wear in

winter season.

 ................................... ...................................

 ................................... ...................................

Answer 👉

a. We should do exercise to maintain physical fitness, improve strength and flexibility, enhance cardiovascular health, manage weight, and improve overall well-being.

b. Two advantages of exercise on our body are:

• Improved physical strength and endurance
• Enhanced mental well-being and stress relief

c. When tired, we can take rest by lying down, relaxing our body and mind, and allowing ourselves time to recover and rejuvenate.

d. In a winter season, we wear warm clothes such as sweaters, jackets, coats, and scarves.

e. In a summer season, we wear light and breathable clothes such as t-shirts, shorts, dresses, and sandals.

f. List of four clothes worn in summer season:

• T-shirt
• Shorts
• Sundress
• Flip-flops

g. List of four clothes worn in winter season:

• Sweater
• Coat
• Hat
• Boots

Lesson - 16

Environmental

Sanitation

Main Points to Remember

👉 We need a clean environment to be healthy.

👉 A dirty environment causes several diseases.

👉 Our environment can be dirty by throwing the house hold wastes haphazaidly, open air toilets and by leaving water holes and pits around the houses.

👉 Environment can be made clean by proper waste management and proper toilet system.

👉 Water is very important to us. Its sources must be kept clean.

👉 We should use clean and germs free water. Water can be purified by boiling, using water purifier, filtering and by SOWDIS method.

1. Fill in the blanks with suitable words.

contaminates environment ditches diseases reused

a. We need clean ............................ to be healthy.

b. A dirty environment causes several ............................

c. Plastic bags, metal scraps and bottles can be ................

d. The ............................ must be covered up to prevent

from the breeding of mosquito.

e. Open air toilet ............................ the water.

Answer👉 

a. We need clean water/air/food to be healthy.

b. A dirty environment causes several diseases.

c. Plastic bags, metal scraps, and bottles can be reused/recycled.

d. The ditches must be covered up to prevent the breeding of mosquitoes.

e. Open air toilets contaminate the water.

2. Write ‘True’ for the correct sentences and ‘False’ for the wrong ones.

a. There are fewer chances of spreading diseases in a clean environment.

b. Animal wastes do not pollute the environment.

c. The decayable wastes can be changed into manure in a compost pit

d. We should store water in a clean vessel.

e. Clean water may contain germs and bacteria.

f. We can throw the garbages in the river.

Answer👉 

a. True

b. False

c. True

d. True

e. False

f. False

3. Answer the following questions:

a. What type of environment do we need? Why?

We need a clean environment. A clean environment is essential for maintaining good health and well-being. It helps prevent the spread of diseases, provides clean air and water, and supports the overall ecological balance.

b. Write down any three ways by which our environment

is getting polluted.

 Three ways in which our environment is getting polluted are:

1. Air pollution: Caused by emissions from vehicles, industrial activities, and burning of fossil fuels.
2. Water pollution: Caused by discharge of untreated sewage, industrial waste, and chemicals into water bodies.
3. Land pollution: Caused by improper disposal of waste, littering, and contamination of soil by chemicals and toxins.

c. Write down the names of any four diseases that are

caused by drinking contaminated water.

Four diseases caused by drinking contaminated water are:

1. Cholera
2. Typhoid fever
3. Dysentery
4. Hepatitis A

d. Why should we cover up the ditches by soil and stones?

We should cover up ditches by soil and stones to prevent the breeding of mosquitoes. Ditches with stagnant water are ideal breeding grounds for mosquitoes, which can transmit diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, and Zika virus. By covering the ditches, we eliminate the stagnant water and reduce the risk of mosquito breeding.

e. Write down any two methods of keeping the environment

clean.

 Two methods of keeping the environment clean are:

1. Proper waste management: This includes recycling, composting, and responsible disposal of waste to reduce pollution and promote sustainability.
2. Conservation and preservation: Protecting natural resources, reducing energy consumption, and promoting sustainable practices such as reforestation and wildlife conservation help maintain a clean environment.